Health Savings Accounts and Limited Purpose Flexible Spending Accounts
Carnegie Mellon offers both a Health Savings Account (HSA) and a Limited Purpose Flexible Spending Account (LPFSA) to employees who are enrolled in one of the High Deductible PPO with HSA medical plans. These plans are offered to help you lower your medical, prescription, dental and vision expenses by paying with tax-free money.
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Eligibility
- To participate in the HSA, you must be enrolled in a High Deductible PPO with HSA plan.
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The IRS prohibits employees from making HSA contributions if they are:
- Medicare enrollees (Part A, Part B or Part D)
- Health Care Flexible Spending Account enrollees
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- To participate in the LPFSA, you must be full-time benefits eligible (37.5 scheduled hours per week) and enrolled in a High Deductible PPO with HSA plan. Members of the Campus Police Association must be scheduled to work 40 hours per week to be eligible.
Health Savings Account (HSA)
Health Savings Accounts accompany a high deductible health plan and allow you to invest money to pay for qualified medical, prescription, dental and vision expenses. You own this account and can take the account dollars with you even if you leave the university or retire.
Contributing to an HSA
- Individuals may contribute between $0 and $4,150 per year. Families may contribute between $0 and $8,300 per year. 55 years and older are eligible to make an annual catch-up contribution of $1,000.
- In 2024, if you are enrolled in the High Deductible PPO with HSA, CMU will contribute toward your HSA in the amount of $250/year for individuals and $500/year for families.
Making Changes to Your HSA Contribution Amount
You may change your personal contribution amount up to once per month, with no need for a qualifying event. Requests to update your contribution rate must be received in advance of the month in which you want the change to take effect. Payroll deadlines will also impact when a requested change is able to take effect.
There are two ways to request an update, depending on how you wish to spread your contributions throughout the year:
- Standard schedule of contributions: With a standard schedule, annual personal HSA contributions are divided evenly across the pay dates of the year. An update will result in a new, evenly divided per paycheck contribution amount. An update can also be made to stop your personal contribution. To request an update following the standard schedule of contributions:
- Log in to Workday.
- Navigate to the Benefits and Pay hub and click on Benefits, then Benefits Elections.
- From your Benefits Elections screen, click Change Benefits.
- In the Change Reason section, select “Update HSA employee contribution.”
- “Frontloading” contributions: With this option, annual personal HSA contributions are divided in a customized way across pay dates. Most commonly, this schedule is used to contribute the entire annual contribution rate in the first few months of the year, “frontloading” the contributions to allow for earlier access to the funds. To request this type of HSA contribution schedule, complete the Health Savings Account Frontloading Form [pdf] and submit it to HR Services.
Eligible Expenses
Qualified medical, prescription, dental and vision expenses including deductibles, copays and coinsurance.
Limited Purpose Flexible Spending Account (LPFSA)
The LPFSA is a special type of FSA that can be paired with an HSA and allows you to use pre-tax dollars to pay for qualified dental and vision expenses. Using funds from your LPFSA instead of your HSA allows your HSA to continue to grow tax-free into retirement. An LPFSA cannot be paired with a Health Care Flexible Spending Account.
Contributing to an LPFSA
- You must make a new election each year to participate. Elections do not roll over from year to year.
- You may contribute between $60 and $3,200 per year. Contributions will be deducted in equal amounts each pay period.
Eligible Expenses
- Qualified dental and vision expenses only, including:
- Dental and orthodontia office visits and expenses; dental implants, veneers, dentures and bridges
- Optometrist and ophthalmologist visits and expenses; eye glasses, contacts, prescription sunglasses, solutions and drops; laser eye surgery
- Expenses incurred by you and your IRS-qualified dependents may be covered by the LPFSA. (Note: the law only permits you to reimburse claims incurred by dependents listed for federal tax purposes. Most domestic partners do not meet the IRS dependent definition.)
- Expenses must be incurred during the plan year (calendar year plus 2½-month grace period), while you are contributing.
- If you initiate a reimbursement account mid-year, you can only use the contributions to reimburse yourself for expenses incurred AFTER you enrolled.
- If you increase the amount of your contributions due to a life change, you can only use the additional contributions to reimburse yourself for expenses incurred AFTER the event.
- If you stop contributing to the account, you can only use the funds to reimburse claims incurred during your participation. To use HCFSA funds for expenses incurred AFTER your participation ends due to a loss of benefits-eligibility, you must enroll through COBRA. However, you will be using post-tax funds after your eligibility ends, and therefore will lose the tax advantages of the HCFSA from that time on.
Tax Implications
You can save up to 25% on the money you spend on eligible expenses by contributing to spending accounts on a pre-tax basis. However, you should be aware of the other financial implications of using these accounts:
- Impact on Social Security: When you reduce your taxable income for Social Security purposes, you may also reduce by a small amount what you may claim in Social Security benefits at retirement.
- Earned Income Tax Credit: Paying for benefits on a pre-tax basis may put employees who are eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit [pdf] at a disadvantage when they file for federal income tax credits.