Self-Esteem
TitleFeelings of Inadequacy Scale (modified) StudyBCS Copyright InformationPrimary ReferenceFleming, J. S., & Watts, W. A. (1980). The dimensionality of self-esteem: Some results for a college sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 921-929.
PurposeTo measure self-esteem. Type of MeasureModified. The scale administered in the BCS included 14 of the 23 items comprising the original Janis-Field scale (Janis & Field, 1959). Items were chosen based on results of a factor analysis reported by Fleming and Watts (1980), and included the seven highest-loading items comprising the Social Confidence and Self-Regard factors, respectively. Unlike the original scale, which presented items in the form of frequency-based questions (e.g., How often do you feel self-conscious?), the version administered in the BCS was comprised of self-referent statements (e.g., I often feel self-conscious) with response options scaled in terms of extent of agreement or disagreement. DescriptionUsing a 6-point scale, respondents indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with self-referent statements describing attitudes toward themselves. No time frame or referent period is used. Scaling6=I agree very much, 5=I mainly agree, 4= slightly agree, 3=I disagree very much, 2=I mainly disagree, 1=I slightly disagree Number of Items14 Sample Items
PsychometricsInternal consistencies in undergraduate students (n = 106; Fleming & Watts, 1980)
Internal consistencies in BCS (n = 383)
ScoringReversed items: all items except items 5 (feel confident that someday people will look up to me) and 12 (confident about abilities) are reverse-scored so that higher values indicate greater self-esteem. VariablesTotal Self-Esteem score |
TitleStudyPMBC Copyright InformationThe Rosenberg SES may be used without explicit permission. The author's family, however, would like to be kept informed of its use. Send information about how you have used the scale, or send published research resulting from its use, to the address below: Primary References1. Rosenberg, M. (1989). Society and the adolescent self-image. Revised edition. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press. PurposeTo measure self-esteem. Type of MeasureModified. Four positively-worded items were chosen from the established 10-item scale (Krause, 1995). DescriptionParticipants use a 4-point response scale to indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with self-descriptive statements regarding their attitudes toward themselves. No time frame or referent period is used. In PMBC, participants also had the option of responding “don’t know”. (“Don’t know” responses were treated as missing in the data set). Scaling1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Agree, 4 = Strongly Agree Number of Items4 PsychometricsInternal consistency in PMBC (n = 193), Cronbach’s α = 0.84 ScoringSum items 1, 2, 3, 4 VariablesTotal Score |