Physics Students Yunshu Li, Katherine Parry Named Goldwater Scholars

Carnegie Mellon University physics Yunshu Li and Katherine Parry have been selected to receive the 2024 Barry Goldwater scholarship. Claire Jin, a third-year student in the School of Computer Science also was selected. The students were selected from a pool of more than 5,000 applicants for the federally endowed award, which provides full coverage for tuition, fees, books, and room and board.

The award from the Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation is specifically awarded to sophomores or juniors who display academic rigor and a strong commitment to pursuing education in the natural sciences, engineering or mathematics. With the latest awardees, Carnegie Mellon has had a total of 51 students receive the scholarship since its inception.

"We are immensely proud of these three students," said CMU President Farnam Jahanian. "It is wonderful to see Carnegie Mellon University's roster of Goldwater Scholars grow and even more exciting to see our students recognized for their talents and hard work on the national stage. Congratulations to the winners from CMU — and to all the students who earned this distinction."

Richelle Bernazzoli, director of the Office of Undergraduate Research and Scholar Development (OURSD), celebrated the students' continued success and commitment to scientific achievement and academic excellence.

"Claire, Yunshu and Katherine have already achieved so much in their fields, and the really exciting thing is that they are just getting started," Bernazzoli said. "We greatly enjoyed getting to know them throughout the nomination process and we have been so impressed by the clarity of their goals and their dedication to their research areas. We can't wait to see where their continued education and scholarship take them.

Yunshu Li, a third-year physics student in the Mellon College of Science, is a Pittsburgh native whose academic research has spanned multiple fields at both Carnegie Mellon and the University of Pittsburgh.

Li received the Robert W. Kraemer Award for her work as a first-year student. Her first research experience at CMU was in Stephanie Tristram-Nagle's experimental biophysics lab, where she studied novel antibiotic treatments for multidrug-resistant bacteria. She continued to make progress in the study of novel antimicrobials in the laboratory of Dr. Berthony Deslouches at Pitt.

"One major takeaway I've had from all of the labs I've worked in is that they've taught me how to ask meaningful questions, design productive experiments to explore these questions, and disseminate information effectively to diverse audiences. I am incredibly grateful for all of the mentors that I've met during my time as an undergrad here at CMU. Working under the guidance of mentors who are both enthusiastic about research and leaders in their fields has greatly shaped my own passion for research," Li said.

Currently, Li is conducting research into the effects of attention on different levels of the auditory processing pathway in the Lab in Multisensory Neuroscience at CMU under the guidance of Barbara Shinn-Cunningham, Abigail Noyce and Ph.D. candidate Victoria Figarola.

"An area of focus in the lab is on how our brains allow us to focus attention and suppress uninteresting sound in complex auditory environments, and what particularly excites me is the potential to leverage the insights we can gain from auditory neuroscience studies to aid individuals with hearing pathologies," Li said. "What I've enjoyed the most about working in this lab is being able to use both behavioral and computational methods in combination with noninvasive neuroimaging techniques to assess brain function in human subjects."

For Li, much of what motivates her inside of the lab also takes place outside of it. As an undergraduate teaching assistant in introductory physics courses for both majors and nonmajors, she was able to explore her passion for helping others learn the sciences in the lecture hall setting.

"I've really enjoyed my time as a teaching assistant," Li said. "I think it's taught me how to think about problems from different perspectives, and how to work on my communications skills so that I can most effectively engage with a broad range of students."

Additionally, volunteering at UPMC Shadyside has influenced her research interests and bolstered her professional goals. In this volunteer position, Li works with elderly patients to help prevent hospital-acquired delirium. "Working directly with patients has been a formative experience for me which has solidified my commitment to pursuing a career that can integrate research with health care."

All of this work, both in and outside the lab, has inspired Li to pursue a combined MD/Ph.D. in neuroscience after her undergraduate studies. "In the future, I see myself working as a physician-scientist who is seeing patients while also teaching and conducting research at an academic medical institution."

Katherine Parry is a junior studying electrical and computer engineering and physics.

"Katherine is amazing and beyond deserving of the Goldwater Scholarship," said Larry Pileggi, the Coraluppi Head and Tanoto Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. "I was astonished by her passion and dedication to research. Her work is the caliber of that for a Ph.D. student, so I am excited to see the outcomes."

"It is exciting to be recognized for my many years of intensive research," Parry said. "I am glad to contribute to the prominence and recognition that Carnegie Mellon University and the College of Engineering deserve."

Parry's research focuses on designing faster computers through alternative approaches to computation.

"DNA sequencing, which results in new cures, and machine learning have only become feasible with faster computation," Parry said. "Interesting changes are being experienced as transistors are measured in 20-atom widths, and wire accounts for more delay than transistor gates. We're coming to the end of smaller circuitry. What will we do then? That is the answer I'm chasing."

Parry is not a stranger to research. At the age of 16, she was working on a Mandelbrot generator for a science fair project. While focusing on increasing the processing speed, she discovered instances that had yet to be addressed.

"Mandelbrots are very square intensive, and I wanted to speed it up," Parry said. "I did some Googling and came across a couple of papers by T.C. Chen and R.H. Strandberg on how they cut the square computation in half by using Boolean logic to combine terms. However, I noticed some commonalities in the remaining elements that they hadn't addressed. I started playing around with the logic, and the elements got ugly and complicated. Tenacity is an important characteristic of a researcher. I persisted, and suddenly, I was looking at something incredibly beautiful. Those ugly computations suddenly simplified. The optimization of squares is measured in the number of additions required. The previous 16-bit squarer requires 35 adds; mine takes 29."

As a homeschooled student in South Dakota, there were limited opportunities for Parry to discuss her findings with others. Turning to the internet, she came across a call for papers for the IEEE Symposium on Computational Arithmetic (ARITH).

"I quickly did my best to write a research paper that was due soon. They would know if I had done something original. Their response was an invitation to speak to the world's leading computer researchers at their symposium in Kyoto, Japan. Because of that talk, I became part of their community, and even though they are all across the world, we correspond often. The talk also resulted in my first published paper."

When it came time to apply to colleges, Carnegie Mellon was the clear choice in her mind.

"Not only does Carnegie Mellon have the most professors teaching computer design, but we have all the tools, and unheard of, we can tape-out computer chips," explained Parry. "I have had several very famous researchers from the ARITH community envious of my CMU resources and ask to co-author papers so I can provide more credibility to their ideas. It wasn't by chance; I made a very informed decision in choosing CMU."

As for her career goal, that is an easy decision, too.

"I want nothing more than to be a research professor at CMU," Parry said. "I love doing research, and Carnegie Mellon University is a great place to do it."