Students struggle in individual activities because they did not gain deep understanding during previous group work.
Students often focus on superficial features instead of the underlying principles, concepts, or theories.
Students have learned the individual skill or piece of knowledge but can’t apply it in complex contexts because they haven’t practiced the skills of integration and synthesis.
Students have learned to rely on cues (from the teacher, textbook, or other parts of instruction) rather than learning themselves how to identify the appropriate approach.
Other knowledge — from prior or current courses or from everyday life — can interfere with students’ ability to perform well in your course.
Students compartmentalize knowledge and skills and hence can’t draw on them.
Students don’t view knowledge as cumulative and useful across courses and hence don’t draw on relevant prior knowledge from other courses.
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