Published in J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 16, 2242 (1998).
Reconstructions of GaN(0001) and (0001) Surfaces: Ga-rich Metallic Structures
A. R. Smith, R. M. Feenstra
Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
D. W. Greve
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
M.-S. Shin, M. Skowronski
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
J. Neugebauer
Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6,
D-14195 Berlin, Germany
J. E. Northrup
Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto,
California 94304
Abstract
Reconstructions of GaN(0001) and (0001) surfaces are studied
by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, by electron
diffraction, by auger electron spectroscopy, and using
first-principles theory. Attention is focused on Ga-rich
reconstructions for each surface, which are found to have metallic
character involving significant overlap between Ga valence
electrons. The electron counting rule is thus violated for these
surfaces, but they nonetheless form minimum energy structures.
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